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分享教程——《无感无刷直流电机之电调设计攻略》前 言 ..............................................................................................................................................1
1. 无刷直流电机基础知识..............................................................................................................2 1.1 三个基本定则....................................................................................................................2 1. 左手定则......................................................................................................................2 2. 右手定则(安培定则一)..........................................................................................3 3. 右手螺旋定则(安培定则二)..................................................................................3 1.2 内转子无刷直流电机的工作原理....................................................................................3 1. 磁回路分析法.............................................................................................................4 2. 三相二极内转子电机结构..........................................................................................5 3. 三相多绕组多极内转子电机的结构..........................................................................7 1.3 外转子无刷直流电机的工作原理.....................................................................................8 1. 一般外转子无刷直流电机的结构..............................................................................8 2. 新西达 2212 外转子电机的结构................................................................................8 1.4 无刷直流电机转矩的理论分析......................................................................................14 1. 传统的无刷电机绕组结构........................................................................................14 2. 转子磁场的分布情况................................................................................................15 3. 转子的受力分析........................................................................................................16 4. 一种近似分析模型....................................................................................................18 1.5 换相与调速......................................................................................................................19 1. 换相基本原理............................................................................................................19 2. 新西达 2212 电机的换相分析..................................................................................24 3. 调速............................................................................................................................28 2. 无感无刷电调的驱动电路设计................................................................................................30 2.1 电池电压监测电路..........................................................................................................30 2.2 换相控制电路..................................................................................................................30 1. 六臂全桥驱动电路原理............................................................................................31 2. 功率场效应管的选择................................................................................................33 2.3 电流检测电路..................................................................................................................45 2.4 反电势过零检测电路......................................................................................................49 2.5 制作你自己的电调线路板..............................................................................................50 3. 无感无刷电调的软件设计........................................................................................................52 3.1 电流检测..........................................................................................................................52 3.2 定时器延时与PWM信号................................................................................................53 1. 定时器初始化............................................................................................................54 2. 定时器T0 的溢出中断服务程序 ..............................................................................54 3. 利用T0 延时(毫秒极) ..........................................................................................54 4. 利用T0 延时(微秒极) ..........................................................................................55 5. PWM信号的产生.....................................................................................................55 3.3 过零事件检测与电机换相..............................................................................................56 1. BLMC.h中定义的宏 ................................................................................................56 2. 过零检测与换相代码分析.......................................................................................59 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ By: timegate 墨鸢 技术交流 QQ:1181733110 email:moyuan2000@163.com 第 ii 页 无感无刷直流电机之电调设计全攻略 V0.01 3.4 启动算法..........................................................................................................................63 1. 函数Anwerfen启动流程分析....................................................................................63 2. 启动算法机理探究....................................................................................................65 3.5 上电时的MOSFET自检..................................................................................................68 1. 函数Delay和DelayM.................................................................................................68 2. 函数MotorTon自检流程分析....................................................................................68 3.6 让你的电机演奏音乐......................................................................................................70 3.7 通信模块..........................................................................................................................72 1. PPM解码.....................................................................................................................72 2. TWI总线通信.............................................................................................................74 3. 串口通信....................................................................................................................74 4. 指令的收入函数SollwertErmittlung.........................................................................75 4. 德国MicroKopter项目BL-Ctrl电调程序主程序代码流程分析(V0.41 版本)....................77 5.1 全局变量列表..................................................................................................................78 5.2 main主函数流程分析.......................................................................................................80 1. 进入while(1)前的准备工作......................................................................................80 2. while(1)主循环内容分析...........................................................................................81 5. 高级话题 ...................................................................................................................................86 5.1 电机的控制模型..............................................................................................................86 5.2 四轴上的校正策略..........................................................................................................87
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